The robots can produce formwork moulds for concrete with complex geometries
Construction sites could soon include mini manufacturing units where robots custom-make building components at the push of a button.
That’s the vision of Danish tech firm Odico, which went public on the Nasdaq First North stock exchange last month, raising £3.6m of investment for its Factory-On-The-Fly concept, reports CM’s sister site BIMplus.
The robotic system, currently a functional prototype, would be shipped to projects inside a standard shipping container then use locally sourced materials to custom-fabricate a range of products, including formwork, insulation, reinforcement or tiles.
Odico claims that automating these tasks on site will not only save on labour costs, it can avoid the delays associated with sourcing and shipping custom-made products from specialists.
“We want to solve one of the biggest manufacturing headaches in construction and create an easy process for making adaptations on the fly,” says Asbjørn Søndergaard, chief technology officer at Odico.
“Using a tablet with very simple graphical user interface, users will be able to customise the product they need – a recess aperture for a window, formwork for a staircase, or insulation, anything with dimensional variability where customisation is needed – and with a press of button the item is produced.
”The firm is currently finalising the software and working to refine and certify the hardware and other processes. Units can be purchased, by main contractors, or specialists involved in prefabrication, for anything between £160,000 and £320,000, depending on the complexity of the hardware and processes involved in the specific application.
First sales expected by next summer
Odico has promised investors to sell the first two units before next July and it has ambitions plans to scale up production to 40 units in year three and over 100 in year four.
Factory-On-The-Fly is based on Odico’s signature robotic manufacturing system, which is able to quickly produce formwork moulds for concrete with complex double-curved geometries. Two robots dynamically bend a flexible heated blade, while a third robot moves a block of EPS foam through it.
“CNC milling is most commonly used today to create more advanced concrete formwork, but it can take up to four hours per square metre to produce high quality surface,” says Søndergaard. “Our hotwire cutting takes just two to three minutes per square metre and enables a lot of design freedom at no extra cost because a robot is indifferent to whether it is cutting a curve or a straight line.”
The system was recently used on a Zaha Hadid project in Dubai, to automate the production of 2,500 unique formwork pieces needed to cast the aluminum profiles for a double-curved glass facade on the Opus Dubai tower.
ZHA has also proposed to use the new Factory-On-The-Fly system to produce complex barrel vault-shaped formwork for a rural primary school in Lushan, Jiangxi province, in China.
Logistical advantages
Using locally-sourced EPS foam to produce the formwork, and based on design files generated at Odico’s office in Denmark, the robots would overcome the difficulty of transporting structural components to the remote location.
“The system effectively globalises the production of complex geometric forms and provides logistical advantages. Formwork takes up a lot of volume and associated overheads related to fabricating in Denmark then shipping to China,” says Søndergaard.
But a Factory-On-The-Fly is unlikely to make economic sense on more run-of-the-mill construction projects with standard geometries and repeat flat elements, says Søndergaard. “It depends on the application and the project, if the geometry is sufficiently advanced it could do everything, but on a building with 80% straight walls, the system could be used to produce the 20% variable geometry,” he concludes.
